Guide covers three main areas: battery-core design, battery packaging design, and measurement and assessment criteria. BAJ team main task is to study the laptop battery-core design requirements, JEITA team responsible for
Package design and other standards by the completion of the two teams together.

Guide to the battery manufacturers to put forward the basic requirements, that is, determining the production process and allow for external metal particles into pavilion battery core. Mixed metal particles would lead to internal short circuit.

If the inevitable internal short circuit, guidelines manufacturers cleverly designed battery core of the structure and materials so that the core is not easy battery overheating. Manufacturers of F3172A used by the core structure and materials, must be under the guidance of testing and assessment methods of verification through.

The guide also defines the core of each battery security. Against the use of LiCo02 extensive use of the lithium-ion battery anode batteries, set up a guide to 4.25 V the maximum charge voltage. Temperature range at 10 ¡æ to 45 ¡æ between.

Set up high-pressure limit F2024A is based on the conversion of LiCo02 lattice reversible reaction.³¬¹ý4.25 V, the lattice will be damaged and no longer reversible.

"Guide to the highest definition can charge voltage, but no definition of how to charge. This from the supplier set ourselves." Sony's energy business unit vice president Koji Sekai said.

If the computer suppliers to strictly follow the guidelines, they will find it virtually impossible F2024Bfor rapid charge, fast charge because usually need to charge higher than normal voltage.

Battery-core test is usually completed by the middle of the production process. To improve security, the guidelines proposed to increase a new test object the use of the F2299A charge, good core. Tests, deliberately inserted between the electrodes in a metal particle, and then push to produce short-circuit. Pass the test can be observed that the short circuit within the core of state power.

In notebook computers, lithium-ion battery is not a single use, but the number of battery-core build-up in one package. Usually two battery-core parallel with the formation of massive, and then a few blocks further thread. This is also the battery package design guidelines called for.

Guidance in many areas to avoid a detailed description of out-of-control Pavilion DV1000 battery methods, such as pieces of layout design, based on each block (not per package) the precise charge voltage control, and control circuit boards and batteries, and other core-isolation.

JEITA and BAJ have proposed that the IEC in Japan through a subsidiary committee to develop guidelines for them to the IEC SA-21 and IEC TC-108 Committee.

In the 1980s the portable devices, such as digital cordless phones, music players and electric shavers, mainly by the nickel-cadmium (NiCd) laptop battery-powered. By the late 1990s, nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries and lithium-ion (Li-Ion) batteries gradually enter the market and beginning of the epidemic


Because the price of nickel-hydrogen and lithium-ion batteries cheaper, nickel-cadmium hp battery in the low-end applications are very common. Nickel-cadmium batteries can provide the maximum discharge current for a short period of time needs high output applications.


On the other hand, nickel-cadmium batteries have been plagued the so-called memory effect (the nickel-cadmium batteries are rarely consider this factor), to reduce F4809A capacity. If the nickel-cadmium batteries were not fully discharge in the case of a rechargeable, the cumulative number of active substances and will start crystallization (100 microns in the anode of cadmium accumulated layer), through the chemical reaction of this material will go away (a new battery Anode about 1 micron thick crystal of cadmium).


A memory effect will lead to more small battery capacity, more and more low-voltage, making the F4812A voltage at the lowest available (Commissioner breakpoint) time than expected as early as many, as shown in Figure 1. Nickel-cadmium batteries Another drawback is that it contains the active substance in the toxic cadmium. Therefore, the European regulations 2000/53 / EG in the December 31, 2005 after the ban the sale of nickel-cadmium rechargeable batteries.

Nickel-hydrogen battery than nickel-cadmium battery more environmentally friendly, but prices are more expensive. Nickel-hydrogen battery discharge current Luexiao, but the effect of inertia. Inertia effect than nickel-cadmium F2019 memory effect just light a phenomenon. Nickel inertia effect is due to the crystallization of the lead. And the memory effect of inertia, can lead to not fully use the full capacity of rechargeable batteries, but can function through the use of a discharge to avoid the charger.


E-rechargeable lithium F2019B the highest price, but have a high enough energy density and thus in a given size can provide better performance, more suitable for small size, high level of integration of portable devices. Table 1 gives the main features of various types of batteries.

To choose the best laptop battery of batteries is determined by field medical equipment can work, which requires the performance of batteries are fully understood. Understanding of voltage, charge and discharge cycles, load current, energy density, charging time and discharge rate, and other indicators for handheld devices batteries choose the first step, following on to these standards were introduced several batteries.

The first is sealed lead-acid ibm laptop battery (SLA). Rechargeable SLA's features include: 2 V rated voltage, prism or cylindrical structure, large-capacity, low cost and simple charging conditions. SLA batteries greatest challenges include: the size of large bulky, linear voltage decay, the lack of rapid charging technology and the high temperature and high self-discharge of the sensitivity (which will affect the preservation of life).

This was followed by the ThinkPad R51 battery. Its features include: 1.25 V rated voltage, the life of the 500 charge and discharge cycles, 100 Wh / kg, the average energy density, the charging time of less than four hours, nearly 30 percent of the discharge rates, and strictly on the size of factors. In the low-voltage demand or price-sensitive places, NiMH batteries have a very good performance, 10 NiMH batteries can be linked together to increase voltage, so that the voltage to 12.5 V.

Finally, there is lithium-ion battery. Lithium-ion ThinkPad T41 battery features include: 3.6 V rated voltage, in the life of the 500 to 1,000 charge and discharge cycles, the average energy density of 160 Wh / kg, a charging time of less than four hours, the monthly average discharge rate of 10 per cent ; Seven series connection lithium-ion batteries can be together, so that the voltage to 25.2 V.

Handheld and outdoor is the current trend of development of medical equipment. Lithium-ion laptop battery have higher energy density, lighter quality, a longer work cycle, superior capacity to maintain and broad ability to adapt to the ambient temperature, relative to the same power NiMH and SLA solutions, it requires batteries The number of less.

Many of the senior circuit board annex to promote the system's intelligent, and these include the remaining capacity of the annex, the protection circuit, temperature sensors and serial data bus. A smart ibm thinkpad battery, when the end-user or discharge curve of an adjusted basis, to provide higher power utilization. Battery of medical applications of value is one of the reasons why it is capable of monitoring their status, can accurately forecast the remaining running time and the group sent to the state of medical equipment. These features allow end-users can use the smart management of equipment, but also to avoid failure or shutdown of the accident. An intelligent battery can be based on its history of the use of feedback, such as traceability and assurances to provide convenience.

Medical ThinkPad R51 battery must be integrated multiple safety systems and reliable protection circuitry. The activities of the circuit is to guarantee the safety of the battery chemicals must maintain the stability of the factors. Safety circuit protection against a battery charge, a discharge, short circuit and the impact of extreme temperature and voltage it can be strictly limited within the scope of the work. Safety circuit through the battery temperature sensor in a specific temperature opening, to prevent overheating and heat dissipation.

For many cell ThinkPad T41 battery, the batteries have a balanced circuit is wise. Circuit will be placed in the battery pack in particular the key, because it makes batteries no longer have the risk of overheating.

Enfucell CEO Jaakko Happonen said the 1.5 V batteries in a wide range of temperature and humidity within the framework of a constant speed of currents, and will not produce any harmful by-product of the environment. He said that "the laptop battery can be lost together with the family garbage."

Use of multiple battery thread or different materials can be used for various applications of different voltage. This battery is the biggest advantages of cheap, thin and flexible. "Customers can decide the size and shape of the ibm thinkpad laptop battery." Happonen said. Enfucell is the Helsinki University of Technology, a subsidiary of Automatic Control Laboratory, it has raised 715,000 U.S. dollars and hope that within two years to complete the commercialization of products.

On the other hand, Israel's Power Paper's different point is that it is the only one with real commercial battery production lines of paper manufacturers. The company's battery from zinc and manganese dioxide anode of a cathode layer. Enfucell with the same company, Power Paper ThinkPad X60 battery is the print-out, does not require metal containers. Power Paper also said that the battery components can be placed on almost any substrate, to generate a thin and flexible power source.

Through the use of industry-standard printing, drying and laminating equipment and technology, Power Paper can be produced relatively traditional mobile technology has the power price competitiveness of the battery (per square inch). Enderle disclosed, "the ThinkPad T23 battery cost and considerable paper, in fact it can be used to label and throw away things."

Power Paper provided various capacity and discharge rate of four kinds of 1.5 V ThinkPad T30 battery products. STD-1 form factor of 39 mm, a 0.6 mm thick, it can provide 0.5 mA continuous current, 15 mAh power capacity, 15 Ω internal resistance, in 1 ms rated at 15 mA peak of the pulse discharge current. Enhanced (beefier) STD-2 form factor for 55 mm, 0.6mm thick, it offers 1 mA continuous current, 30 mAh capacity, 15 Ω internal resistance, in 1 ms rated at 30 mA peak of the pulse discharge current. All products provide 25 mm bend radius and three years of durability.

Power Paper says it is custom designed ThinkPad X60 battery, according to product design requirements of any size, thickness and shape of factors of production. Now the company's clients include RFID card manufacturers and toy manufacturers.

Recently, the paper battery is new and innovative guide the development of electronic equipment. Enderle said, "such as blood sampling bags so the smart thing. Paper battery label to the thermostat and monitors electricity, they could show whether the sample bags have been exposed to harmful to the environment in the hot and cold."

At least one unusual application has surfaced. Power Paper Company for cosmetics industry introduced micro-plate flexible PCGA-BP2NX, which are used for lifting (see chart). "It is a cheap, you can paste in the face of electronic equipment, you can be done after it tore off to throw away," Enderle said, "on the label as non-toxic botulinum (Botox)."